The prospect of next generation battery production

Replace lithium-air batteries with lithium-ion batteries

Scientists succeeded in making high-power batteries for electric energy storage using lithium-air technology. These batteries have been made in laboratory mode to provide energy for car batteries and other electrical appliances that require high energy.

By examining the first laboratory sample of the lithium-air battery, scientists found that the power of energy storage and recovery in this type of battery has reached a significant figure of 93%. And this new generation of batteries can be discharged and charged about 2000 times.

Of course, according to the inventors of this project: although this technology is still in its early stages. But with the tests, it was found that the increasing need of portable devices for electric energy can be solved.

Various and comprehensive tests conducted to determine the efficiency of the new generation car battery show that this battery will allow electric vehicle (EV) drivers to travel about 650 kilometers on a single charge.

This battery can not only travel an impossible distance, but at the same time it has 3 other very important features.

  1. New generation batteries are one-fifth of the current batteries used in electric cars in terms of production cost and cost.
  2. The weight of these batteries is one-fifth of the weight of batteries currently used in electric vehicles, which are known as lithium-ion batteries.
  3. This battery has made it possible to reach the highest capacity of energy density (ability to condense and store energy). And this capacity is about 10 times the capacity of current lithium batteries. In other words, the energy that can be obtained from new lithium-oxygen batteries is similar and equivalent to the amount of energy that can be obtained from gasoline.

Researchers believe that the price of next generation batteries will be cheap

A new theory believes that an element called “potassium” can become a cheaper alternative to lithium-ion batteries.

For decades, people did not imagine that potassium could be used in batteries with graphite. Of course, chemists are still working on cells composed of potassium and graphite.

If these tests are successful, we will be faced with very wide capabilities. Because potassium is available up to 880 times more than lithium. For this reason, apart from the longer life of these batteries, their prices will also decrease to a great extent.

Of course, this issue will not be easily realized because the atoms in potassium are much larger than the atoms in lithium. As a result, they make it very difficult to combine them with graphite and form a cell. Based on this, researchers are looking for and combining another type of carbon with potassium.

Of course, the output power of new battery technologies may never reach the power of lithium batteries, but they will have a longer life cycle, longer life after each charge, and lower manufacturing costs.

10 times the life of batteries with carbon electrodes

Recently, scientists have developed carbon electrodes, which make it possible to build a new generation of batteries. The use of new technology may increase the life of lithium batteries up to ten times, although it is still until the completion of the construction of these types of batteries to 10 Years are needed.

Lithium iodide technology has been used in the construction of new batteries to prevent unexpected chemical reactions. This substance also increases the stability and efficiency of batteries and even if they are charged repeatedly, it does not reduce the battery charge.

Of course, these batteries still have problems, including battery explosion if placed next to certain materials.

Using pyrite for optimal charging of lithium-ion batteries

Another group of researchers, in the research on the next generation batteries, came to the conclusion that by injecting pyrite nanocrystals into lithium-ion batteries, the next generation battery will be produced. Pyrite crystals have a thickness of 4.5 nm and show properties similar to iron. And this leads to cation exchange inside the battery. The use of pyrite will create the following characteristics in the battery.

  1. It leads to an increase in the capacity and charging speed of the battery.
  2. In addition to the ease of this method, pyrite is one of the most abundant materials on the planet and its price is very cheap.
  3. It is expected that with these methods and future developments, it will be possible to produce batteries that can be charged within 30 seconds.

Companies like Samsung always research on increasing the performance of batteries on their smart devices. The only drawback of using pyrite is that this substance is only able to strengthen the battery during a few charging cycles. And it cannot be used in devices such as tablets and smartphones that are charged consecutively. However, it can be used in devices that do not need to be recharged or are not constantly charged.

Upgrade of lithium batteries with hydrogen

  1. The researchers found that hydrogen is highly effective in improving the capacity and conductivity of lithium batteries, as well as in extending the life of the batteries.
  2. This research could also pave the way for better storage of energy options, including hydrogen itself. New developments revolve around upgrading the graphene nanofoam anodes of lithium-ion batteries with hydrogen. Graphene materials are fruitful in commercial production for various uses, including many types of energy storage devices such as lithium-ion batteries.

The most common type is 3D graphene nanofoam, which is used in many types of electrochemical storage media, including hydrogen tanks, supercapacitors, energy absorbers, and lithium batteries. Atomic hydrogen remains a by-product in graphene production, but its role in electrical storage applications is never as good as previously thought.

Hydrogen absorbers are known to affect the structure of graphene, and it is also widely believed that graphene without hydrogen contaminants is non-conductive and actually acts like an insulator to meet the needs of the battery. The goal of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is to understand how hydrogen interacts. with graphene during production. and how it can be manipulated to improve the quality of graphene for storage media.

The experiment of this group is related to the treatment of graphene with hydrogen at low temperature. Defects in graphene, formed by hydrogen, create small openings and allow lithium to penetrate more easily.

  1. In a Li-ion battery, this helps to improve the battery’s power transport as well as power absorption characteristics. In addition, because lithium can easily be attached near the edges of the graphene material, the overall capacity is improved thanks to hydrogen effects.

Double function in air lithium cells

Scientists to  build smaller batteries, more durable and stronger, many alternative chemical compounds have been investigated and tested. Recently, in one of the researches conducted in this field, a substance has been examined that brings scientists closer to this special goal. .

Oxygen molecules react with positively charged lithium ions to form lithium peroxide (Li2O2) and thus produce electrical energy.

A lithium battery cell generates its voltage through the presence of oxygen molecules (O2). is obtained at the positive electrode. oxygen molecules to form lithium peroxide (Li2O2) They react with positively charged lithium ions and thus produce electrical energy. Of course, it should be kept in mind that the electrons are transferred through the electrode and if no new lithium peroxide is formed in the battery, the battery will be completely empty. .

However, lithium peroxide is not a conductor of electrons. If lithium peroxide deposits grow on the surface of the electrodes that supply the necessary electrons for the aforementioned chemical reaction, the aforementioned reaction will not take place and as a result the battery will be empty. If the product of this reaction (here lithium peroxide) is placed around the electrodes in such a way that it does not cover their surface, this problem will be solved. .

In fact, the mentioned mechanism is much more effective than recharging the lithium peroxides that are attached to the surface of the electrodes. Since the electrons do not need to pass through different levels of lithium peroxides, a lower voltage is needed to charge this generation of batteries. Lower voltage also means lower energy consumption. Thus if this  Next generation batteries Used in electric vehicles, they can work much more efficiently than current batteries. The leaders of this research have stated that the energy efficiency of these batteries is around 90% .

Flexibility new generation mobile batteries

One of the challenges in making thin wearable gadgets is 
Next generation batteries   are needed to power them.  
In fact, for a one-day battery life, large and bulky batteries are needed.

However, Samsung and LG are working on making flexible and thin batteries that will lead to higher-end wearable gadgets in the future.   InterBattery 2015 They demonstrated examples of their efforts at the eventin Seoul in.

Collection of  Samsung SDIThe battery division of this Korean giant unveiled two technologies in this event. First to the model  Band  is designed for smartwatches and can be bent up to 50,000 times without damage.

Samsung has said about this technology: “When this battery is applied to the straps of smart watches, it can increase the battery capacity by 50%.” Ultra slim battery  Stripe سامسونگ میتواند به طور آزادانه مانند یک فیبر تا شود و مجهز به تراکم انرژی نوآورانه میباشد.

With a thickness of 0.3 mm, this battery is slightly more flexible than a battery  and  can be used in necklaces, smart bands and smart clothes.

According to reports, LG Chem  has also presented a product under the title of wire battery. This battery can be folded in a smaller radius, which makes it suitable for watch straps .

پژوهشگران چندین سال است که باتریهای قابل انعطاف را مورد تست و آزمایش قرار میدهند. گروهی از مرکز علم وتکنولوژی پیشرفتهی کره در سال  ۲۰۱۲، یک باتری لیتیوم-یون تمام فلزی و عملکردی قابل انعطاف را توسعه دادهاند. چند ماه بعد، گروهی از پژوهشگران ادعای ساخت یک باتری باریک و قابل بسط را کردند که میتواند در اندازه تا سه برابر گسترش یابد بدون اینکه از میزان انرژی تولیدی یا عملکرد آن کاسته شود .

 

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